Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)

Read any essay below accessed via the link and write a short essay on your thoughts.

Cross-border Female Genital Mutilation in East Africa (Policy Brief, UNFPA-East & Southern Africa) — discusses how FGM practices cross national borders in East Africa, legal/policy frameworks, prevention and response options.

A Profile of Female Genital Mutilation in Kenya (UNICEF) — offers statistics, trends, social norms, and regional variation within a single East African country.

Socio-economic and demographic determinants of female genital mutilation/cutting in Sub-Saharan Africa (Reproductive Health Journal) — examines what factors (age, education, wealth, urban/rural, etc.) are associated with FGM prevalence and continuation.

Female genital mutilation/cutting in Africa (Odukogbe, A.T.A. et al.) — a broad review of practice, health, cultural, legal, and policy dimensions across Africa, including some East African case material.

Combating female genital mutilation in Northeast (Horn) Region (PMC / peer-reviewed article) — focuses on the Horn of Africa (e.g. Somalia, Ethiopia) region: challenges and strategies.

Supporting the Abandonment of Female Genital Mutilation: in the context of migration (IOM) — while not East Africa only, gives useful essays/case studies on how migration contexts affect FGM and what can be done.

Female Circumcision: The History, the Current Prevalence and the Approach to a Patient (Jewel Llamas, Univ. of Virginia) — historical, medical, anthropological overview, which includes data relevant for policy and practice.

The Long Overdue Regional Law on Female Genital Mutilation: A Welcome Initiative in East Africa (Equality Now, Policy Brief 2025) — looks at recent law-making at the East African Community (EAC) level, features, possible impacts.